A physical therapist (or physiotherapist) is a medical professional who cares for people with an illness or injury that limits their mobility, balance, or bodily functions. Physical therapists typically work with individuals undergoing rehabilitation following an accident or medical event that has robbed them of some aspect of their physical competence. Employed in a variety of settings, physical therapists are found in hospitals, health clinics, rehabilitation centers, nursing homes, and home health agencies.

Practicing this discipline in the United States requires a Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) degree from an accredited institution. A DPT program is sometimes combined with preliminary education in a 3+3 program, meaning three years of undergraduate training plus three years of DPT curricula. DPT graduates often continue their education with a residency or fellowship. Physical therapists must also pass the National Physical Therapy Examination prior to practicing.

What Does a Physical Therapist Do?

Most persons see a physical therapist on a referral from a primary care physician or another specialist. The goal of rehabilitative treatment is to help the patient regain bodily movement and balance from a condition that has impacted his or her musculoskeletal system. The physical therapist will design a program that utilizes stretching, exercise, and specialized equipment to:

• Increase range of motion
• Enhance balance
• Reduce pain
• Speed healing and recovery
• Provide the patient with tools for managing future symptoms

Common conditions treated by physical therapy include athletic injuries, concussions, back and shoulder pain, trigger finger, ligament tears, carpal tunnel syndrome, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain, and urinary incontinence. Physical therapists also assist individuals with long-term debilitative disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease and cerebral palsy.

What Types of Physical Therapists Are There?

Physical therapists can train in a wide range of specialties within the field of rehabilitative medicine. Some of these include:

• Brain and nervous system
• Cancer
• Clinical electrophysiology
• Geriatrics
• Heart and lung
• Musculoskeletal injury (bone, joint, and spinal issues)
• Pediatrics
• Sports medicine

When Should You See a Physical Therapist?

Physical therapy is an effective means of addressing a wide range of medical issues related to the body’s mechanical activity. Reasons for seeing a physical therapist include:

• Difficulty with daily activities
• Persistent pain
• Recovery from surgery or a physical injury
• Limited mobility
• Feelings of imbalance

Some persons also see physical therapists for assistance in improving athletic performance.

What Can I Expect at My Visit to the Physical Therapist?

The physical therapist will begin by reviewing your medical history and asking you questions about your health prior to injury or illness. He or she will evaluate your current condition, using a series of tests for motion, mobility, physical strength, and balance. This will be the basis for a customized treatment plan specific to your needs. The therapist will monitor your progress as you undergo the plan in follow-up appointments, setting or adjusting goals for gradual improvement. When you reach these goals, the therapist will manage your discharge, with recommendations for future care at home.

If you’re experiencing problems with physical motion or balance from an illness or injury, the Baptist Health rehabilitation team is ready with expert care.