Perinatal Mental Health & Postpartum Treatment

Note: If you or a loved one has thoughts of suicide or self-harm, call 988 for the Suicide & Crisis Lifeline.

Bringing a baby into the world is a life-changing event filled with emotions. While many expect joy and excitement, it’s also common to feel overwhelmed, anxious, or deeply sad. If you’re struggling, know you aren’t alone and help is available. Understanding the terms used to describe this time is a helpful first step. “Postpartum” generally refers to the period after childbirth, and perinatal mental health covers a broader timeframe around pregnancy and after birth.

Distinguishing the “Baby Blues” from Depression

Many new parents experience the “baby blues” in the first few days after delivery, with mood swings, crying spells, and sleep difficulty that resolve within days to two weeks. However, when feelings persist, intensify, or interfere with daily functioning, it may be postpartum depression rather than normal adjustment.

Identifying the Symptoms of Pregnancy-Related Mental Health Challenges

It can be hard to distinguish normal fatigue from something more serious. Symptoms of perinatal and postpartum conditions can include emotional and physical changes such as:

• Severe mood swings or depressed mood.
• Crying more than average.
• Trouble bonding with your newborn.
• Withdrawing from family and friends.
• Loss of appetite or excessive eating.
• Inability to sleep or sleeping too much.
• Overwhelming tiredness.
• Intense irritability or restlessness.
• Fear you aren’t a good parent.
• Feelings of worthlessness, guilt, or inadequacy.
• Trouble thinking clearly.
• Severe anxiety or panic attacks.
• Thoughts of harming yourself or your baby.

If you experience thoughts of harm, seek emergency help immediately.

Understanding the Causes

There’s no single cause for perinatal or postpartum depression. It’s likely a mix of genetics, physical changes, and emotional issues. After childbirth, hormone levels like estrogen and progesterone drop sharply, contributing to mood changes. Sleep deprivation also affects mental well-being. Factors such as prior mental health history, stress, and lack of support can increase risk.

Treatment Options and Support for Perinatal/Postpartum Depression

The most important thing to remember is that these conditions are treatable and you don’t have to suffer in silence. Effective postpartum depression treatment often combines approaches tailored to your needs.

Professional Support

Talking to a care provider is a good place to start. Screening for depression and discussing options such as psychotherapy can help. Talk therapy, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), can help identify negative thought patterns and build coping strategies. For some, medication like antidepressants may be a helpful tool. Your provider can help weigh benefits and risks, including considerations if breastfeeding.

Self-Care and Community

Building a support network is vital. Stay in touch with family and friends and get assistance as needed to reduce stress and improve mood. Simple lifestyle changes like prioritizing rest, nutritious eating, and setting aside personal time can make a difference. Taking care of your mental health is one of the best things you can do for yourself and your baby.

For tailored care and services supporting new mothers, explore postpartum support services. You can also contact your Baptist Health behavioral care provider. If you don't have a provider, you can find one on our online provider directory.